Proteoz 2.5 mg contains Bortezomib, a first-in-class, reversible proteasome inhibitor used primarily in the management of multiple myeloma and certain lymphomas.
It represents a critical advancement in targeted cancer therapy, exploiting the dependence of cancer cells on proteasome activity for survival.

Proteoz is typically available as a lyophilised powder for injection, reconstituted and administered either intravenously (IV) or subcutaneously (SC) by trained healthcare professionals.

Mechanism of Action

Bortezomib selectively inhibits the 26S proteasome, a complex responsible for degrading ubiquitinated proteins within the cell.

• In cancer cells (especially plasma cell malignancies like multiple myeloma), high proteasome activity is crucial for regulating proteins involved in cell cycle progression and survival.

• By inhibiting the proteasome, Bortezomib disrupts degradation of pro-apoptotic factors, leading to an accumulation of damaged or misfolded proteins.

• This results in cell stress and apoptosis (programmed cell death), selectively harming rapidly proliferating malignant cells.

Additionally, Bortezomib affects the NF-κB pathway, reducing transcription of survival genes, further enhancing cancer cell death.

Uses

Proteoz (Bortezomib) 2.5 mg is primarily used in the following indications:

1. Multiple Myeloma:

   • As initial therapy (alone or in combination regimens like with dexamethasone, lenalidomide, or cyclophosphamide).

   • In relapsed or refractory cases, where the disease has returned after or not responded to previous treatments.

2. Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL):

   • In patients who have received at least one prior therapy.

It may also be explored off-label in other proteasome-sensitive haematologic malignancies under specialist protocols.

Adverse Effects

While Bortezomib is an effective anti-myeloma and anti-lymphoma agent, it carries a distinct toxicity profile requiring close monitoring.

Common adverse effects

• Gastrointestinal disturbances: Nausea, diarrhoea, constipation, vomiting.

• Hematologic toxicities: Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), neutropenia (low neutrophil count), anemia.

• Peripheral neuropathy: Tingling, numbness, burning sensations in hands and feet — can be dose-limiting.

• Fatigue and weakness