Abalam is a fixed-dose combination of two antiretroviral medicines: Abacavir (600 mg) and Lamivudine (300 mg). Both belong to the Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) class and are used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.

This dual-action tablet is designed to make HIV treatment more convenient by reducing pill burden while maintaining effectiveness. Abalam does not cure HIV but helps control the infection, maintain immune function, and reduce the risk of HIV-related illnesses and transmission.

Mechanism of Action

Abalam works by combining two agents that target the same viral enzyme (reverse transcriptase) but in complementary ways, enhancing the suppression of the virus.

• Abacavir is metabolized into carbovir triphosphate, which integrates into the viral DNA chain during replication. It acts as a false nucleotide, causing premature chain termination.

• Lamivudine is converted into lamivudine triphosphate, which also competes with natural nucleotides, blocking the reverse transcriptase enzyme and further inhibiting viral replication.

  Uses / Indications

  Abalam is indicated for:

  • Treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults, adolescents, and children weighing ≥25 kg, as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART).

  • Often included in first-line HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) regimens.

    Adverse Effects

    While Abalam is generally well tolerated, like all medications, it may cause side effects. These can vary in severity from mild discomfort to serious medical conditions.

    Common Side Effects:

    • Headache

    • Nausea or vomiting

    • Diarrhoea

    • Fatigue

    • Insomnia

    • Nasal congestion or cough