D-Nib 50 mg contains decitabine, an anti-cancer medicine used primarily in the treatment of certain blood and bone marrow cancers. It is classified as a hypomethylating agent and works at the genetic level to help restore normal function in cancer-affected cells. Decitabine is administered as an injection and is usually used in hospital or clinical settings under the care of a specialist.

This medicine is particularly useful in older adults who may not be suitable for more aggressive chemotherapy regimens. It has brought hope to patients with limited treatment options by improving blood counts and extending the time before disease progression.

Mechanism of Action

Decitabine works by targeting abnormal DNA methylation, a process that often contributes to the development of cancer. In certain blood cancers, genes that control cell growth are turned off by excessive methylation. Decitabine incorporates itself into the DNA of dividing cells and inhibits an enzyme called DNA methyltransferase.

By reducing DNA methylation, decitabine reactivates these silenced genes, helping the cancer cells either to stop growing or to die. This mechanism allows for a more natural correction of cellular behavior rather than directly destroying the cells as traditional chemotherapy does.

Uses

D-Nib is mainly used in the management of:

• Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a group of disorders caused by poorly formed or dysfunctional blood cells

• Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adult patients, especially those who are not candidates for intensive chemotherapy

• Other off-label uses in bone marrow failure or certain chronic leukemias may be considered at the discretion of a hematologist

  Adverse Effects

  While D-Nib can be effective, it can also cause side effects, some of which need close monitoring.

  Common Side Effects

  • Low blood counts, leading to increased risk of infections, anemia, or bleeding

  • Fatigue or weakness

  • Fever, often due to low white blood cell counts

  • Nausea or vomiting

  • Loss of appetite

  • Injection site reactions, such as redness or discomfort