Darzalex 1800 mg contains daratumumab, a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. Darzalex is an immunotherapy agent designed to target and destroy cancer cells with precision. It is often used in combination with other anti-myeloma treatments or as monotherapy in certain cases. The subcutaneous form, given as an injection under the skin, has made the treatment process more convenient for many patients compared to the earlier intravenous form.

Mechanism of Action

Daratumumab specifically binds to CD38, a protein that is found in high amounts on the surface of multiple myeloma cells. Once bound, it works through several pathways:

• Direct cell death by activating the immune system

• Complement-dependent cytotoxicity, which triggers a cascade leading to the destruction of cancer cells

• Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, recruiting immune cells like natural killer cells to attack the myeloma cells

• It may also influence the immune environment in the bone marrow by reducing the suppressive cells and allowing the immune system to fight the cancer more effectively

  Uses

  Darzalex is primarily indicated for the treatment of multiple myeloma, either alone or in combination with other therapies. Its use includes:

  • Newly diagnosed patients who are ineligible for stem cell transplant

  • Relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma when previous treatments have failed

  • Combination therapy with agents like lenalidomide, dexamethasone, bortezomib, or pomalidomide depending on the clinical setting

    Adverse Effects

    While daratumumab offers significant benefits, it may cause side effects, some of which are linked to immune responses or changes in blood cell counts.

    Common Side Effects

    • Fatigue

    • Nausea

    • Back pain

    • Respiratory tract infections such as cough or nasal congestion

    • Constipation or diarrhea