Prolia contains the active substance denosumab and is a targeted therapy used to treat bone loss and osteoporosis. It is a monoclonal antibody that is administered as a subcutaneous injection, usually once every six months. Prolia is commonly prescribed to postmenopausal women and certain men who are at an increased risk of fractures due to weakened bones. By helping to maintain or increase bone density, Prolia plays a key role in reducing the likelihood of serious fractures.

Mechanism of Action

Denosumab works by targeting and inhibiting a protein in the body called RANK ligand. This protein is essential for the formation, function, and survival of osteoclasts, which are the cells responsible for breaking down bone. By blocking RANK ligand, Prolia reduces the activity of osteoclasts, leading to a decrease in bone resorption. This allows the bones to retain more of their strength and density over time, which is particularly important in patients with conditions that lead to fragile bones.

Uses

Prolia is used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and in men who have a high risk of bone fractures. It is also prescribed for individuals receiving certain cancer treatments that may weaken bones, such as hormone therapy in breast or prostate cancer. In these cases, Prolia helps prevent bone loss and complications. It is also used in some patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis or bone loss associated with rheumatoid arthritis or other chronic conditions.