Tasigna contains nilotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of certain types of blood cancers. It is taken orally and is specifically designed to target cancer cells more selectively than earlier therapies. Nilotinib has become a key option in managing chronic myeloid leukaemia, especially in patients who do not respond well to initial treatment. It offers the potential for long-term disease control while improving overall quality of life.

Mechanism of Action
Nilotinib works by blocking the activity of a protein called BCR-ABL, an abnormal tyrosine kinase enzyme produced by cancer cells in chronic myeloid leukaemia. This protein results from a genetic change known as the Philadelphia chromosome. By inhibiting BCR-ABL, nilotinib disrupts the growth signals that the leukaemia cells depend on to survive and multiply. This targeted approach helps to stop or slow down the progression of the disease with less harm to normal cells.

Uses
Tasigna is primarily indicated for the treatment of adults and children with Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukaemia in the chronic or accelerated phase. It is often prescribed when patients cannot tolerate other medications like imatinib or when those drugs are no longer effective. Tasigna may also be considered as a first-line therapy in newly diagnosed patients to achieve faster and deeper molecular responses.

Adverse Effects
Common side effects include nausea, headache, fatigue, rash, and muscle pain. Laboratory abnormalities such as elevated liver enzymes, increased blood sugar levels, or low blood counts may also occur. A more serious but less common risk is the development of heart rhythm problems, especially QT interval prolongation, which can be monitored with regular electrocardiograms. Patients may also experience an increased risk of pancreatic or liver inflammation. Regular monitoring and adherence to dosing instructions, including taking the drug on an empty stomach, are essential for maintaining both effectiveness and safety.