GEFITERO contains gefitinib, an oral targeted therapy used to treat certain types of lung cancer. It is classified as an EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) tyrosine kinase inhibitor and is commonly prescribed to patients with non-small cell lung cancer who have specific EGFR gene mutations. By focusing on the molecular drivers of cancer growth, gefitinib offers a more personalised treatment approach compared to traditional chemotherapy.

Mechanism of Action
Gefitinib works by blocking the action of the EGFR protein, which is often overactive in certain cancer cells. EGFR plays a critical role in cell growth and survival. When it is mutated, it can cause cells to divide uncontrollably. Gefitinib binds to the intracellular domain of the EGFR tyrosine kinase, inhibiting its activity and effectively shutting down the growth signals. This results in the slowing or stopping of cancer cell proliferation, particularly in tumors that are EGFR mutation-positive.

Uses
GEFITERO is primarily used for the treatment of advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in patients who test positive for EGFR mutations. It is often prescribed as a first-line therapy in such cases, either alone or in sequence with other treatments. The drug is taken orally, making it convenient for long-term use.

Adverse Effects
Common side effects include diarrhoea, skin rash, dry skin, and loss of appetite. Some patients may also experience weakness, nausea, or elevated liver enzymes. Serious but less common risks include interstitial lung disease and liver toxicity. Regular monitoring through blood tests and imaging is important during treatment to ensure safety and effectiveness. Most side effects are manageable with supportive care or dose adjustments.