Jardiance is an oral medication that contains empagliflozin, a member of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor class. It is widely used to help manage blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. In addition to its glucose-lowering effects, Jardiance has become a cornerstone treatment for reducing cardiovascular risks and slowing the progression of kidney disease in certain high-risk patients.

Mechanism of Action
Empagliflozin works by selectively blocking the SGLT2 protein found in the kidneys. Under normal conditions, this protein reabsorbs most of the glucose filtered by the kidneys back into the bloodstream. By inhibiting this action, empagliflozin increases urinary glucose excretion, thereby reducing blood sugar levels.

Because its effect is independent of insulin, it can remain effective even when insulin sensitivity is low or insulin production is reduced. Additionally, it promotes mild diuresis and natriuresis, which can help lower blood pressure and reduce fluid overload in patients with heart failure.

Uses
Jardiance is used for the following purposes:

• Type 2 diabetes: To improve blood sugar control in adults when used with diet and exercise

• Cardiovascular protection: To reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes and established heart disease

• Heart failure: To treat adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, regardless of whether they have diabetes

• Chronic kidney disease: To reduce the risk of kidney disease progression and cardiovascular complications in patients with or without diabetes

  Adverse Effects

  Common side effects include:

  • Increased urination

  • Genital yeast infections, especially in women

  • Urinary tract infections

  • Increased thirst

  • Mild drop in blood pressure

  • Weight loss