INBEC is a fixed-dose combination tablet that contains abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine. It is used as a complete once-daily regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and adolescents. This combination brings together three powerful antiretroviral agents from different drug classes, offering a simplified and effective therapy that helps control the virus, improve immune function, and reduce the risk of disease progression.

Mechanism of Action
Each component in INBEC works in a unique way to suppress the replication of HIV:

• Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It interferes with the reverse transcriptase enzyme, preventing the virus from copying its RNA into DNA. This blocks the formation of new viral particles.

• Lamivudine is also an NRTI and works in a similar way as abacavir by incorporating into the viral DNA chain and stopping its growth, thereby halting replication.

• Dolutegravir is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI). It prevents the viral DNA from being integrated into the host’s genetic material, a crucial step in the HIV life cycle.

  Uses
  INBEC is used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and adolescents weighing at least 40 kilograms.
  It is indicated:

  • As a first-line therapy for individuals newly diagnosed with HIV

  • As a replacement regimen for stable patients whose virus is already well controlled with other medications

    Adverse Effects
    INBEC is generally well tolerated, but side effects may occur.
    Common side effects include headache, nausea, fatigue, and trouble sleeping. Some people may also experience dizziness or diarrhea.

    A rare but serious risk associated with abacavir is hypersensitivity reaction, which can be life-threatening. Patients must be screened for the HLA-B*5701 gene before starting treatment, as its presence increases this risk.

    Dolutegravir may cause increases in liver enzymes or affect kidney test results, although these changes are usually not harmful. Rarely, some individuals may experience mood changes, anxiety, or depression.