Lenangio 25 mg contains lenalidomide, a powerful immunomodulatory drug primarily used in the treatment of certain blood cancers. It is most commonly prescribed for multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndromes, and mantle cell lymphoma. Lenalidomide is a derivative of thalidomide but designed to have stronger anti-cancer effects with a better safety profile. It plays a key role in slowing disease progression and improving survival in patients with difficult-to-treat hematologic cancers.

Mechanism of Action
Lenalidomide works through multiple mechanisms:

1. Immune system modulation: It enhances the activity of immune cells such as T cells and natural killer cells, allowing the body to better recognize and attack cancer cells.

2. Direct anti-tumor effect: It interferes with the environment cancer cells need to grow, reducing their ability to survive and multiply.

3. Anti-angiogenic effect: It inhibits the formation of new blood vessels that feed tumors, starving cancer cells of nutrients and oxygen.

4. Regulation of cytokines: It alters inflammatory signals and pathways, such as TNF-alpha and interleukins, which are often involved in cancer progression.

   Uses
   Lenangio 25 mg is used in the treatment of:

   • Multiple myeloma, often in combination with dexamethasone or other drugs

   • Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), especially those with deletion 5q abnormality

   • Mantle cell lymphoma, typically in relapsed or refractory cases

   • Other off-label uses in blood-related disorders may also be considered under specialist guidance

     Adverse Effects
     Lenalidomide is a highly active drug and must be monitored closely for side effects. These can range from mild to severe and may require dose adjustment or temporary interruption.

     Common side effects:

     • Fatigue

     • Diarrhea or constipation

     • Low blood counts (anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)

     • Muscle cramps

     • Rash or skin changes

       Serious or long-term effects may include:

       • Blood clots, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, especially when used with steroids

       • Increased risk of secondary cancers, though rare

       • Liver enzyme abnormalities

       • Severe infections due to weakened immunity

       • Birth defects: Lenalidomide is highly teratogenic. Strict pregnancy prevention programs are mandatory for both men and women of reproductive age.