Lopinavir-Ritonavir Tablets USP is a fixed-dose combination antiviral medicine used in the management of human immunodeficiency virus, commonly known as HIV. It contains two active ingredients, lopinavir and ritonavir, which work together to reduce the amount of virus in the body and support the immune system. While not a cure for HIV, this combination helps people with the virus live longer and healthier lives and reduces the risk of HIV-related complications.

Mechanism of Action

Both lopinavir and ritonavir are classified as protease inhibitors. They block a specific enzyme called HIV protease, which the virus needs to multiply and produce new copies of itself. By inhibiting this enzyme, the medicine prevents the virus from maturing into its infectious form.

Ritonavir also acts as a booster. It slows down the breakdown of lopinavir in the liver, increasing its levels in the blood and improving its effectiveness. This boosting effect allows for more efficient virus suppression with lower doses.

Uses

Lopinavir-Ritonavir Tablets USP are used for:

• Treatment of HIV infection in adults and children, as part of combination antiretroviral therapy

• Reducing viral load and improving immune function

• Delaying the progression of HIV to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, also known as AIDS

• Helping prevent transmission of the virus when viral load is controlled

  Adverse Effects

  Like all medications, Lopinavir-Ritonavir may cause side effects in some people. Common or possible side effects include:

  • Diarrhea, nausea, or stomach discomfort

  • Headache or tiredness

  • Increase in cholesterol or triglyceride levels

  • Elevated liver enzymes, which may indicate liver strain

  • Changes in body fat distribution over time

  • Risk of high blood sugar or new onset diabetes in some cases