Myltega contains dolutegravir, a highly effective antiretroviral medicine used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It belongs to a newer class of HIV medications called integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs). Myltega is commonly used as part of a combination therapy to control HIV infection, offering strong viral suppression with once-daily dosing and a favorable resistance profile.

Mechanism of Action
Dolutegravir works by targeting and blocking an essential HIV enzyme called integrase. This enzyme is responsible for inserting the virus’s genetic material into the DNA of human cells—a critical step in the HIV replication cycle. By inhibiting this process, dolutegravir prevents the virus from multiplying and spreading in the body. This leads to a rapid reduction in viral load and helps restore immune function over time.

Uses
Myltega is used in combination with other antiretroviral medicines for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and adolescents weighing at least 40 kilograms.
It is prescribed in the following situations:

• As part of a first-line regimen for newly diagnosed individuals

• For treatment-experienced individuals switching to a more tolerable or simpler regimen

• In cases of drug resistance, depending on clinical judgment and resistance testing

  Adverse Effects
  Dolutegravir is generally well tolerated by most people.
  Common side effects include headache, nausea, diarrhea, tiredness, and sleep disturbances such as insomnia. Some individuals may report dizziness or mild mood changes.

  Rare but more serious side effects include liver enzyme elevations and hypersensitivity reactions, especially in those co-infected with hepatitis B or C. In very rare cases, dolutegravir may be associated with depression or suicidal thoughts, particularly in individuals with a history of mental health issues.