Rybelsus is an oral medication that contains semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. It is used for the management of type 2 diabetes in adults to improve blood sugar control, along with diet and exercise. Rybelsus is unique as it is the first GLP-1 receptor agonist available in tablet form, providing an alternative to injectable therapies in this class. In addition to blood glucose control, it may also support modest weight loss in some patients.

Mechanism of Action
Semaglutide, the active component in Rybelsus, mimics the natural hormone GLP-1, which plays a vital role in regulating blood sugar levels after eating. When taken, it binds to GLP-1 receptors and stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas, particularly when blood glucose levels are high. It also reduces the release of glucagon, a hormone that raises blood sugar.

Additionally, semaglutide slows gastric emptying, which helps reduce post-meal spikes in blood sugar and can promote a feeling of fullness, leading to decreased food intake. These combined actions result in better glucose regulation and may assist with weight management.

Uses
Rybelsus is prescribed for:

• Managing blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes

• Helping reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients with established heart disease (as supported by data for semaglutide in general)

• Supporting weight loss as a secondary benefit in some individuals

  Adverse Effects
  While effective and generally well tolerated, Rybelsus may cause some side effects.

  Common side effects:

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Diarrhoea

  • Stomach discomfort

  • Loss of appetite